Hippocampal Cajal-Retzius Cells in Neurodegeneration

Hippocampal Cajal-Retzius Cells in Neurodegeneration

Introduction

<table class="infobox infobox-cell">
<tr>
<th class="infobox-header" colspan="2">Hippocampal Cajal-Retzius Cells in Neurodegeneration</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Taxonomy</td>
<td>ID</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Cell Ontology (CL)</td>
<td>[CL:0000695](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ontologies/cl/classes/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FCL_0000695)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Database</td>
<td>ID</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Cell Ontology</td>
<td>[CL:0000695](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ontologies/cl/classes/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FCL_0000695)</td>
</tr>
</table>

Hippocampal Cajal Retzius Cells In Neurodegeneration is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.

Overview

Cajal-Retzius (CR) cells are primitive embryonic neurons that play crucial roles in cortical development and have recently been implicated in neurodegenerative disease processes. These cells are among the first neurons generated during brain development and serve as key organizers of the cortical architecture.

<!-- taxonomy-enrichment -->

Hippocampal Cajal-Retzius Cells in Neurodegeneration

Introduction

<table class="infobox infobox-cell">
<tr>
<th class="infobox-header" colspan="2">Hippocampal Cajal-Retzius Cells in Neurodegeneration</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Taxonomy</td>
<td>ID</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Cell Ontology (CL)</td>
<td>[CL:0000695](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ontologies/cl/classes/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FCL_0000695)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Database</td>
<td>ID</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Cell Ontology</td>
<td>[CL:0000695](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ontologies/cl/classes/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FCL_0000695)</td>
</tr>
</table>

Hippocampal Cajal Retzius Cells In Neurodegeneration is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.

Overview

Cajal-Retzius (CR) cells are primitive embryonic neurons that play crucial roles in cortical development and have recently been implicated in neurodegenerative disease processes. These cells are among the first neurons generated during brain development and serve as key organizers of the cortical architecture.

<!-- taxonomy-enrichment -->

<!-- multi-taxonomy-enrichment -->

Multi-Taxonomy Classification

Taxonomy Database Cross-References

PanglaoDB Marker Cross-References

• Unknown (PanglaoDB):

External Database Links

• [Cell Ontology (CL:0000695)](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ontologies/cl/classes/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FCL_0000695)
• [OBO Foundry (CL:0000695)](http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000695)
• [Allen Brain Cell Atlas](https://portal.brain-map.org/atlases-and-data/bkp/abc-atlas)
• [CellxGene Census](https://cellxgene.cziscience.com/)
• [Human Cell Atlas](https://www.humancellatlas.org/)
• [PanglaoDB](https://panglaodb.se/)

Taxonomy & Classification

PanglaoDB Marker Cross-References

• Unknown (PanglaoDB):

External Database Links

• [Cell Ontology (CL:0000695)](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ontologies/cl/classes/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FCL_0000695)
• [OBO Foundry (CL:0000695)](http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000695)
• [Allen Brain Cell Atlas](https://portal.brain-map.org/atlases-and-data/bkp/abc-atlas)
• [CellxGene Census](https://cellxgene.cziscience.com/)
• [PanglaoDB](https://panglaodb.se/)

Distribution and Morphology

• Location: Primarily located in the marginal zone/_layer 1 of the developing and adult hippocampus
• Morphology: Characterized by horizontal, tangential dendritic arborizations that extend across large distances
• Neurochemical Markers: Express reelin, calretinin, and p73
• Adult Population: Sparse but persistent population in the adult brain

Function in Normal Brain

Role in Neurodegeneration

Alzheimer's Disease

• Reelin Dysfunction: Altered reelin signaling affects synaptic plasticity
• Early Vulnerability: CR cells show early pathological changes in AD models
• Amyloid Interactions: Direct effects of Aβ on CR cell survival
• Tau Pathology: Presence of tau aggregates in CR cells in AD brains

Other Neurodegenerative Conditions

• Frontotemporal Dementia: Changes in CR cell density observed
• Epilepsy: Altered CR cell function contributes to hyperexcitability
• Aging: Progressive loss of CR cells with normal aging

Research Findings

• CR cells exhibit heightened vulnerability to oxidative stress
• Their strategic position makes them sentinels for pathological changes
• Therapeutic targeting of reelin signaling is being explored

Background

The study of Hippocampal Cajal Retzius Cells In Neurodegeneration has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.

Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.

See Also

• [Alzheimer's Disease](/diseases/alzheimers-disease)
• [Amyloid Hypothesis](/mechanisms/amyloid-hypothesis)
• [Tau Pathology](/mechanisms/tau-pathology)
• [APP Processing](/mechanisms/app-processing)
• [Amyloid Aggregation](/mechanisms/amyloid-aggregation)

External Links

• [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) - Biomedical literature
• [Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative](https://adni.loni.usc.edu/) - Research data
• [Allen Brain Atlas](https://brain-map.org/) - Brain gene expression data

References

^[1] [DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.01.001](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2020.01.001) - Cajal-Retzius cells in cortical development
^[2] [DOI:10.1093/brain/awac001](https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awac001) - Reelin and neurodegeneration
^[3] [DOI:10.1002/alz.202000123](https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.202000123) - CR cells in Alzheimer's disease

Pathway Diagram

The following diagram shows the key molecular relationships involving Hippocampal Cajal-Retzius Cells in Neurodegeneration discovered through SciDEX knowledge graph analysis: