Hippocampal Granule Cells in Neurodegeneration

Hippocampal Granule Cells in Neurodegeneration

Overview

Hippocampal Granule Cells in Neurodegeneration

Overview

<table class="infobox infobox-cell">
<tr>
<th class="infobox-header" colspan="2">Hippocampal Granule Cells in Neurodegeneration</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Taxonomy</td>
<td>ID</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Cell Ontology (CL)</td>
<td>[CL:0000120](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ontologies/cl/classes/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FCL_0000120)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Database</td>
<td>ID</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Cell Ontology</td>
<td>[CL:0000120](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ontologies/cl/classes/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FCL_0000120)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Cell Ontology</td>
<td>[CL:0001031](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ontologies/cl/classes/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FCL_0001031)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Cell Ontology</td>
<td>[CL:0001032](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ontologies/cl/classes/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FCL_0001032)</td>
</tr>
</table>

Hippocampal Granule Cells in neurodegeneration refers to the role of these cells in the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. These cells are important for various brain functions and are affected in conditions like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other neurodegenerative disorders.

Hippocampal Granule Cells in Neurodegeneration

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Multi-Taxonomy Classification

Taxonomy Database Cross-References

External Database Links

• [Cell Ontology (CL:0000120)](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ontologies/cl/classes/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FCL_0000120)
• [OBO Foundry (CL:0000120)](http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000120)
• [Allen Brain Cell Atlas](https://portal.brain-map.org/atlases-and-data/bkp/abc-atlas)
• [CellxGene Census](https://cellxgene.cziscience.com/)
• [Human Cell Atlas](https://www.humancellatlas.org/)

Taxonomy & Classification

External Database Links

• [Cell Ontology (CL:0000120)](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ontologies/cl/classes/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FCL_0000120)
• [OBO Foundry (CL:0000120)](http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000120)
• [Allen Brain Cell Atlas](https://portal.brain-map.org/atlases-and-data/bkp/abc-atlas)
• [CellxGene Census](https://cellxgene.cziscience.com/)

Introduction

Hippocampal Granule Cells In Neurodegeneration is an important cell type in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.

Hippocampal granule cells, particularly those in the dentate gyrus, play critical roles in memory formation and are significantly affected in neurodegenerative diseases.

Dentate Gyrus Granule Cells

Normal Function

The dentate gyrus granule cell layer is the primary gateway to hippocampal circuitry:

• Pattern separation: Distinguishes similar memories
• Adult neurogenesis: Unique capacity for new neuron generation
• Memory encoding: Critical for episodic memory formation

Neurodegenerative Changes

Alzheimer's Disease

Granule cells show early vulnerability in AD:

Pathological Features:

• Reduced granule cell numbers in AD patients
• Amyloid deposition in dentate gyrus
• Tau pathology in granule cell axons (mossy fibers)
• Impaired adult neurogenesis

• Memory encoding deficits
• Pattern separation impairment
• Spatial navigation difficulties

Parkinson's Disease

While less studied, granule cells show:

• Alpha-synuclein in mossy fiber terminals
• Synaptic dysfunction
• Potential cognitive implications

Molecular Mechanisms

Amyloid Effects

• Aβ accumulation in dentate gyrus
• Synaptic receptor dysfunction (glutamatergic)
• Calcium homeostasis disruption

Tau Pathology

• Hyperphosphorylated tau in mossy fibers
• Altered synaptic plasticity
• Axonal transport disruption

Neurogenesis Impairment

Key factors in reduced neurogenesis:

• Decreased neural stem cell proliferation
• Impaired dendritic development
• Reduced survival of new neurons

Therapeutic Implications

Neuroprotective Strategies

Biomarker Potential

• Granule cell layer volume (MRI)
• CSF neural markers
• Functional connectivity changes

Background

The study of Hippocampal Granule Cells In Neurodegeneration has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.

Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.

External Links

• [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) - Biomedical literature
• [Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative](https://adni.loni.usc.edu/) - Research data
• [Allen Brain Atlas](https://brain-map.org/) - Brain gene expression data

Pathway Diagram

The following diagram shows the key molecular relationships involving Hippocampal Granule Cells in Neurodegeneration discovered through SciDEX knowledge graph analysis: